Caregiver Topic: Sundowning

What is "sundowning"?

Sundowning is the name given to a variety of behavioral issues that can happen from the late afternoon and into the night in someone with Alzheimer's disease or a similar dementia. The person struggling with sundowning may experience increased confusion, anxiety or agitation, difficulty sleeping, pacing or wandering, and disorientation. It is important to note that sundowning is not a disease, but rather a constellation of symptoms related to a dementia diagnosis.

What causes sundowning or can make it worse?

While there is no specific cause, many factors can make sundowning worse. For example, someone may have mental or physical exhaustion from a full day of activities, difficulty in a new or confusing environment, an internal body clock that is turned around, low lighting, stress and frustration from others, and a diminished need for sleep.

What can I do about sundowning?

There are several ways to help manage the challenges with sundowning. Here are a few suggestions:

• Spend time outside in the sunlight during the day

• Plan activities earlier in the day when alertness is better

• Encourage a regular routine

• Reduce stimulation during late afternoon and evening hours

• Identify soothing activities if sundowning happens

• Use better lighting

• Talk with a doctor if you have medical concerns

Looking for more information? Visit the Alzheimer's Association website at:

https://www.alz.org/help-support/caregiving/stages-behaviors/sleep-issues-sundowning

Originally published March 2024 in the NYMC newsletter.